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Review Article
Fast-track interventions for HIV and AIDS epidemic control among key populations: A rapid review
Submitted: 15 March 2023 | Published: 08 April 2024
About the author(s)
Zamasomi P.B. Luvuno, Centre for Rural Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard Campus, Durban, South AfricaEbenezer Wiafe, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, South Africa
NomaKhosi Mpofana, Department of Somatology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Ritson Campus, Durban, South Africa
Makgobole M. Urusla, Department of Somatology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Ritson Campus, Durban
Celenkosini T. Nxumalo, Academic Development Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa; and Discipline of Nursing, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
Abstract
Background: Targeted interventions for key populations remain critical for realisation of epidemic control for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection because of the causal relationship between HIV infection in the general population and among key population groups.
Aim: To consolidate evidence on the fast-track interventions towards achieving HIV epidemic control among key populations.
Methods: A rapid scoping review was conducted using the methodological framework by Arksey and O’ Malley. The Population, Intervention, Context and Outcome (PICO) framework was used to identify relevant studies using key words with Boolean operators in electronic data bases, namely CINHAL, Web of Science, Psych Info and Sabinet. Studies were extracted using a modified data extraction tool, and results were presented narratively.
Results: A total of 19 articles were included in this review. Most articles were primary studies (n = 17), while another involved the review of existing literature and policies (n = 2) and routinely collected data (n = 1). Most studies were conducted in the United States of America (n = 6), while another were conducted in China, Kenya, Botswana, South Africa and Mozambique. All studies revealed findings on tested interventions to achieve HIV epidemic control among key populations.
Conclusion: Effective interventions for HIV epidemic control were stand-alone behavioural preventive interventions, stand-alone biomedical preventive strategies and combination prevention approaches. Furthermore, the findings suggest that effective activities to achieve HIV epidemic control among key populations should be centred around prevention.
Contribution: The findings of this study have policy and practice implications for high HIV burden settings such as South Africa in terms of interventions to facilitate realisation of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 95-95-95 targets, thereby contributing to HIV epidemic control.
Keywords
Sustainable Development Goal
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