Factors affecting the enrolment of men into a community adherence group in Kavango East Region, Namibia

Abstract

Background: Community adherence groups (CAGs) are an acceptable and effective strategy to provide social support for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), as well as for receiving their antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, in Namibia, it is estimated that 30% – 50% of men living with HIV are reluctant to access treatment through these groups, and little research exists on the factors affecting their enrolment.
Aim: This study aimed to explore and describe factors affecting the enrolment of men in CAGs in Rundu District, Kavango East Region, Namibia.
Setting: This study was carried out in the Kavango-East region, one of the 14 regions of Namibia.
Methods: This study followed a qualitative approach that utilised exploratory, descriptive, and contextual strategies. The researcher conducted semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with 15 men between 22 years and 56 years of age in Rundu in September 2024 and October 2024. The participants were purposively selected and the data were analysed thematically.
Results: Participants described numerous barriers hindering men from enrolling in CAGs, including stigma, a lack of information, few perceived benefits, and poor continuity of care. Additionally, participants recommended that men-only groups would improve enrolment.
Conclusion: The study’s findings demonstrate that overcoming barriers to men’s enrolment in CAGs is vital for improving access to HIV treatment. Strategies such as anti-stigma campaigns, increased awareness, incentives, and men-only groups are essential for fostering inclusive and effective HIV care for men.
Contribution: This study highlights the barriers to enrolment in CAGs for men living with HIV, particularly stigma and lack of information, while recommending anti-stigma campaigns, increased awareness, incentives, and men-only groups for improved enrolment.