Health-related quality of life and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS in Lagos, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Although people living with HIV (PLWH) now have a longer life expectancy due to antiretroviral therapy, several factors impact their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Understanding the dimensions and determinants of HRQoL among PLWH is crucial to developing solutions to improve their overall wellbeing.

Aim: This research aimed to explore the HRQoL and its associated factors among PLWH in Lagos, Nigeria.

Setting: Seven HIV testing and treatment centres in Lagos.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 385 participants. Socio-demographic and HRQoL data were obtained using questionnaires and the Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey (MOS-HIV). Logistic regression models were used to identify variables that were associated with quality of life.

Results: The physical health summary and mental health summary scores measured by the MOS-HIV were 54.2 ± 5.3 and 56.3 ± 6.7, respectively. Being married, having higher levels of education, shorter duration of HIV and higher income levels were significantly associated with better HRQoL. The duration of HIV was found to have an inversely proportional influence on the quality of life of PLWH, both in physical health (χ² = 9.477, p = 0.009) and mental health (χ² = 11.88, p = 0.004) dimensions.

Conclusion: The HRQoL of PLWH in Lagos, Nigeria was relatively low. Education, duration of HIV, marital status and income level are predictors of HRQoL.

Contribution: This study is valuable for healthcare professionals and policymakers, providing them with essential information to tailor interventions and allocate resources effectively to improve the overall wellbeing of PLWH in Nigeria.